湖北省几类食品微生物污染状况分析

目的：通过湖北省2010～2012年几类食品微生物检出数据的统计分析研究，对一些微生物污染风险较高的行业和食品进行关注和重点监测,为采取有效措施降低食品微生物污染的风险提供依据。方法采用食品安全国家标准GB4789方法对2010～2012三年间，送检和抽检的12类食品进行微生物项目检测，对检测结果进行数据统计，作食品中微生物污染情况的分析。结果2010~2012年共检测12类食品2996份,合格2697份,总合格率为90.02%；2010和2012年、2011和2012年总合格率差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.01）；不同种类的食品中以糖果和发酵酒的合格率为最高为100%,豆制品的合格率最低仅为55.97%；不同季节和不同包装食品微生物合格率差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.01），夏季散装食品合格率最低。结论湖北省食品微生物污染整体状况较好，不同食品、不同季节的污染情况有所不同。在夏季豆制品、散装食品微生物污染比较严重，2012年相对于2010、2011年有所好转。今后应重点加强对夏季豆制品、散装食品的卫生监督管理。

Objective ： To find the industry and food with higher risk of microbial contamination by the detection of a variety of food microbiological in different food in hubei from 2010 to 2012, to provide a basis for taking effective measures to reduce the risk of microbial contamination of food .Methods： The Microbiological indicators in different food were detected followed the national standard GB4798, the food were submitted samples in 2010~2012. Data were analyzed by spss 11.0. Results： 12 categories, 2996 samples, were detected during 2012 and 2014, qualified 2697 samples, the total qualified rate is 89.44% ; The qualified rate between 2010 and 2012 is different （p 〈 0.05）; The pass rate of different types is different too, the highest qualified rate is candy and fermented （100%）, the lowest is soy products （55.97%）; The qualified rate of food microbiological indicators is different between seasons （P 〈0.01）, The lowest qualified rate is bulk food in summer. Conclusion： The situation of microbial contamination of food is well in Hubei Province and the contamination varies in different foods and seasons. The microbial contamination of Soy products and bulk food in summer is serious and the situation has improved each year. Soy products and bulk food in summer should be focused in the future.