山东省单县蚊虫种类及生态习性的初步调查

Investigation of species and ecological habits of mosquitoes in Shanxian County of Shandong Province

目的了解单县蚊虫种类及生态习性等情况,为蚊媒的有效防制提供依据。方法在单县选择城区及周边五个乡镇(单县政府、李新庄镇、郭村镇、黄冈镇、张集镇),每个乡镇分别选4个点进行调查。成蚊采用人饵帐诱捕蚊法、人房和畜房的蚊虫采用人工小时法、室外栖息场所采用帐扣法进行调查;幼虫采用幼虫勺或采集网从各类孳生地捞取带回室内进行种类鉴定。结果共捕获成蚊7 556只,经鉴定为5属11种,其中淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊和中华按蚊的密度高居前三位。从不同区域捕获的成蚊来看,在黄冈镇捕获的成蚊种类和数量最多,尤其是中华按蚊,占捕获该蚊总数的56.42%。从不同栖息场所的成蚊种群构成来看,野外栖息的成蚊种类及数量最多,畜房内栖息的三带喙库蚊比例最高,占33.69%。结论单县蚊虫种类繁多,不同区域的蚊媒种群分布不同,制定蚊媒防治措施应做到因地制宜,方能取得良好效果。

Objective To investigate the mosquito species and ecological habits in Shanxian county of Shandong province, providing scientific hasis for controlling mosquitoes and preventing mosquito-borne diseases in the area. Methods The investigation of mosquitoes was conducted in five areas of Shanxian county： Shanxian county government, Lixinzhuang Town, Guocun Town, Huanggang Town, Zhangji Town, and four survey spots were selected in each area. Adults mosquitoes were caught by man-bait net trap, labor hour method were applied for catching the mosquitoes in human houses and livestock shelters, and the mosquitoes in wild habitats were caught with a net. Mosquito larvae were collected from different breeding sites. The mosquito species were brought back and identified. Results Total 7 556 mosquitoes were collected from all the survey points including that 11 species belonged to 5 genus. The density of Culex pipiens palllcn, Culex tritaeniorhyncbus and Anopheles sinensis were top three in density. Anopheles sinensis was dominant in Huanggang, accounting for 56.42%. There was the largest number of mosquito species and amount in wild habitat, and Culex tritaeniorhynehus was dominant in livestock shelters, accounting for 33.69%. Conclusion There were plenty of mosquito species in Shanxian county, and the population distribution of mosquito vectors were different from areas. To attaint exeeUetn resutls, mosquito control measures that suit the local conditions.