高血压并脑出血医院肺部感染相关因素分析及护理对策

Analysis of related factors and nursing measures of nosocomial pulmonary infection in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

目的探讨分析高血压并脑出血(HICH)医院肺部感染的相关因素及护理措施。方法采用调查问卷方式比较86例患者的临床资料并对43组感染患者进行病原菌检查培养。结果患者的性别与医院肺部感染差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者的年龄、血糖、吸烟史、慢性肺部疾病史、气管插管、每日吸痰次数及意识障碍与术后医院肺部感染差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对43例发生医院肺部感染患者进行病原菌检测培养,革兰阴性菌感染率62.79%(27例);革兰阳性菌感染率30.23%(13例);真菌感染率6.98%(3例)。结论造成HICH患者医院肺部感染的诱因较多,应加强护理干预,降低肺部感染的发生率。

Objective To explore the related factors and nursing measures of nosoeomial pulmonary infection in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage （HICH）. Methods The clinical data of 86 cases with HICH were retrospectively analyzed by questionnaires. Examination and culture of pathogens were taken in 43 infection cases. Results There was no significant difference between nosocomial pulmonary infection and gender （P〉0.05）. There was significant difference of the patients age, blood glucose, smoking history, history of chronic lung disease, tracheal intubation, daily fi＇equency of sputum aspiration and disturbance of consciousness and postoperative nosocomial pulmonary infection （P〈0.05）. Examination and culture of pathogens of 43 cases with nosocomial pulmonary infection showed that the rate of gram negative bacterial infection was 62.79% （27 cases）, rate of gram positive bacterial infection was 30.23% （13 cases）, and fungal infection rate was 6.98% （3 cases）. Conclusion The causes of pulmonary infectionin patients with HICH are various. Nursing intervention should be strengthened so as to reduce incidence of pulmonary infection.