西北民族地区生态化现代农业发展研究

A Study on the Ecological Agriculture Development in Northwestern China's Minority Areas

现代农业为解决中国几千年来困扰社会的温饱问题作出了的巨大贡献,但现代农业所带来的环境污染、土地肥力下降等不可持续发展问题也日益严峻。文章研究了生态化现代农业相关概念与中国未来农业发展趋势,生态化现代农业发展的原则,并以西北民族地区为例,分析了该地区生态化现代农业发展的制约因素和主要模式。在此基础上,提出了西北民族地区生态化现代农业发展的对策措施:树立生态文明的理念,用大农业系统的观念发展农业,重塑农业有机养份循环系统,严格控制农药和化肥的施用量,加强重视食品安全管理,重视对传统农业中积淀的农学精华的挖掘和发扬,大力发展农村社会事业。

Modern agriculture contributes greatly in solving social problems as food and clothing which have bothered China for thousands of years.However, it also brings about increasingly severe problems that hinder sustainable development, such as environmental pollution and soil exhaustion. The article studied relevant concepts of modern ecological agriculture, the development tendency of China＇s agriculture and the principles for developing ecological modern agriculture. Taking the minority areas in Northwest China as an example, it also analyzed the constraints in these areas on the development of modern ecological agriculture, as well as main modes which have been employed. On that basis,the article further proposed countermeasures for the advancement of modern ecological agriculture in the northwest minority areas： to establish the concept of ecological civilization, to develop agriculture with the idea of comprehensive agricultural system, to reconstruct the agricultural organic nutrient recycling system, to strictly control the use of pesticide and fertilizer, to strengthen food safety management, to absorb and carry forward the essence of traditional agronomy and to vigorously accelerate social undertakings in rural areas.