民族主义与现代中国的政治秩序——章太炎与严复围绕《社会通诠》的争论

Nationalism and the Political Order of Modern China:The Debate between Zhang Taiyan and Yan Fu over Shehui Tongquan

《社会通诠》是严复根据甄克思所著的《政治简史》翻译而成,并附有若干按语。严复翻译此书是试图提供一种历史发展的阶段,并希望中国进入现代国家以达到独立和富强。围绕严复按语中民族主义不能使中国摆脱困境的评论,章太炎提出了"商兑",一方面反对将一般性的社会发展模式套在中国历史上,另一方面强调了民族主义在现代国家建设中的独特价值。

Shehui Tongquan is a Chinese translation of Edward Jenks' A Short History of Politics,with some annotations prepared by the translator Yan Fu. Yan means this translation to provide an alternative view of historical development,with the hope that it will help China in its transformation into an independent and powerful modern state. One comment in the annotations,that nationalism cannot steer China away from predicament,has incited critique from Zhang Taiyan. In his'Comments',Zhang objects to any imposition of a general social developmental model on Chinese particular history and,in the meanwhile,emphasizes the unique value of nationalism in the construction of modern state.