孕产行为的医学化:一个社会建构过程的反思

The Medicalization of Delivery:Reflections on A Process of Social Construction

孕产行为,从人类诞生之初伴随至今,经历了从最初的自然生理过程到现在的医学过程的发展和演变。本文将从社会建构的理论视角出发,尝试系统而全面地探索孕产行为医学化过程的历史脉络和社会脉络。研究表明,在中国西医实践的近百年历史中,国家干预、科学主义和市场驱动等三种主要的社会力量共同交互作用,将孕产行为彻底构建成为一个医学领域的问题。

From the origin of humanity to the present,delivery has evolved from a natural physiological process to a medical process. From the angle of social construction theory,this paper tries to explore systematically the historical and social context in which delivery has been medicalized. Our study shows that in the recent hundred years of the practice of western medicine in China,three major social forces,i.e. state intervention,scientism,and market incentive have come into interplay to shape the act of delivery into a medial issue.