宁夏干旱区槽式温室冬季内环境日变化初步研究

A Comparison Study on Inner Environment Daily Variations of Trough Type Solar Greenhouse in Northwest Arid Area in Winter

针对宁夏干旱区槽式温室内环境日变化进行初步研究,通过国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心提供温室娃娃对宁夏干旱区槽式日光温室结构及极端低温条件下内部光照强度、空气温度、空气相对湿度、露点温度、土壤温度等环境参数进行测定。结果表明:对内环境日变化曲线比较可知,此种温室结构均介于日光温室与塑料大棚之间,但其性能则类似日光温室,且温度方面性能低于日光温室,尤其是最低温时仅为日光温室的30%;比较3种跨度槽式温室内环境可知,12m优于10m,10m优于8m。在最低温度等极限条件(覆盖保温被条件下,短时间段内10℃>空气温度>0℃,8℃>土壤温度>3℃)能够满足韭菜等喜凉叶菜周年生产的需要,同时可进行果菜类蔬菜早春或秋延后栽培,填补日光温室和常规拱棚栽培之间的空档,具有较好的经济效益。在宁夏中部干旱带、地下水位低于3m的地区较适宜推广。

The changes in greenhouse environment of trough type solar greenhouse was studied by ＇Wenshiwawa＇ ,from the National Agricultural Information Engineering Technology Research Center. Structure of trough type solar greenhouse, the internal light intensity,air temperature,air relative humidity,dew point temperature,soil temperature and other environmental parameters were measured in extreme cold conditions in arid region of Ningxia. The results showed that through the comparison of measured curve greenhouse structure and internal environment,it was found the greenhouse structure between greenhouse and plastic shed, but the environmental performance of groove type greenhouse was similar to the greenhouse （plastic shed hadn＇t the production capacity in winter ）, trough type solar greenhouse insulation was significantly lower greenhouse aspects of performance,especially it was about 30% of greenhouse in the minimum temperature. Through the span of three kinds of environmental parameters in greenhouse trough comparison,12 meters was better than 10 meters,10 meters over 8 meters. At the minimum temperature （insulation was covered under a short time, 10℃〉air temperature〉0℃, 8℃ soil temperature≥3℃）, conditions of trough type solar greenhouse were to meet needs of the leek and other hi cool leafy vegetables anniversary production, it could be to meet fruit vegetables in early swing or late autumn. This kind of production was to fill and conventional between greenhouse cultivation and plastic shed cultivation, it was good economic benefits. Trough type solar greenhouse had a good economic and social benefits, which would be a great potential for replication in area of the water table was less than 3 meters in Ningxia and northwest arid zone.