峨眉山四种菖蒲挥发油及水提取液的抑菌作用比较

The Antibacterial Activity of Volatile Oils and Water Extracts from Four Kinds of Acorusin Emei Mountain

采用纸片扩散法测定抑菌圈直径,试管二倍稀释法测定挥发油最低抑菌浓度(MIC),研究了峨眉山4种菖蒲挥发油及水提取液对3种常见致病菌的抑菌作用,以期为合理使用峨眉山菖蒲植物提供试验依据。结果表明:挥发油提取液对3种致病菌抑菌作用表现为茴香菖蒲>石菖蒲>水菖蒲,金钱菖蒲仅对大肠杆菌有弱抑菌作用。其中茴香菖蒲和石菖蒲挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌有中等抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)最低,均为31.25μg/mL,抑菌效果最强;茴香菖蒲、石菖蒲、水菖蒲对枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌为弱抑菌作用,最低抑菌浓度(MIC)各异。除石菖蒲水提取液对大肠杆菌有弱抑菌作用外,其余水提取液均无抑菌作用。

The disc diffusion method was adopted to measure the antibacterial circle diameter, and the tube dilution method was used to determinate the minimum inhibitory concentration（MIC）, the antibacterial activity of volatile oils and water extracts from four kinds of Acorus in Emei mountain to three common pathogenic bacteria were reported, in order to provide the experimental basis for the rational use of the calamus plants in Emei mountain. The results showed that the antibaterial activity of volatile oils from A. macrospadiceus F. N. Wei＆Y. K. Li was stronger than A. tatarinowii Schott. which was stronger than A. calamus L. to three pathogenic bacteria, while the volatile oils from A. gramineus Solander. to Escherichia coli was weak. The volatile oils from A. macrospadiceus F. N. Wei＆Y. K. Li and A. tatarinowii Schott. to Staphyloccocus aureus were the strongest, had middle antibacterial effect and the MIC were both 31.25 μg/mL; the volatile oils from A. macrospadiceus F. N. Wei＆Y. K. Li,A. tatarinowii Schott. ,A. calamus L. to Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli had weak effect and the MIC were different. The water extrats had not antibaterial effect except the water extrats from A. tatarinowii Schott. had the weak effect to Escherichia coli.