儿童浅表组织肿块超声诊断的分析研究

Diagnosis of superficial soft tissue masses in children by high-resolution ultrasound

目的探讨儿童浅表组织肿块的超声图像特征,以提出诊断思路。方法回顾性分析经病理确诊的101例(101个肿块)儿童浅表组织肿块的超声图像特征。结果儿童浅表软组织肿块以良性常见(98/101,97.03%),其中囊性肿块占43.88%(43/98),实性肿块占56.12%(55/98)。囊性肿块以表皮样囊肿、血肿多见(58.14%,25/43),实性肿块以脂肪瘤、血管瘤常见(41.81%,23/55)。恶性浅表组织肿块3例,呈浸润性生长,无完整包膜,内部回声不均,瘤体内测及血流信号,动脉血流阻力指数多为高阻力改变。结论超声医师在诊断儿童浅表组织肿块时,根据超声图像特征,结合临床资料,能够对大多数病变作出正确诊断,为临床治疗提供可靠的图像依据。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of superficial soft tissue masses in children by high-resolution ultrasound and to present the diagnostic idea. Methods The sonographic features of superficial soft tissue masses in 101 children confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Results Most of the superficial soft tissue masses in children were benign and could be generally divided into cystic type and solid type （98/101,97.03%）.The former type was mainly epidermoid cysts and hematoma （58.14% ,25/43）,and the latter type was mainly composed of lipoma and hemangioma （41.81% ,23/55）.While the malignant masses were characterized by invasive growth,irregular shape,unclear boundary,incomplete capsule,heterogeneous echo and high resistance vascularity inside the tumors. Conclusion When sonologists examine superficial soft tissue masses in children, accurate diagnosis could be made according to the sonographic characteristics and chnical manifestations in most cases, and reliable imaging evidences can be provided for clinical management.