人合体滋养细胞微粒对孕鼠血管内皮的影响

Human Syncytiotrophoblast Microparticles Induce the Dysfunction of Endothelial Cells in Pregnant Rat

目的 研究人合体滋养细胞微粒（syncytiotrophoblast microparticles,STBM）对SD孕鼠血管内皮的影响,从而探讨子痫前期可能的发病机制.方法 选取2013年8 ～10月在上海交通大学附属第六人民医院住院行选择性剖宫产的10例子痫前期患者的胎盘,采用机械打碎法体外制备合体滋养细胞微粒.将孕鼠随机分为两组,于孕7.5、10.5及13.5天分别经尾静脉注入合体滋养细胞微粒及生理盐水,自孕10.5天起隔日大鼠无创血压测量分析系统测量血压,并于17.5天取血检测血中一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）及内皮素（endotelin,ET）含量.结果 实验组孕鼠于10.5天起血压逐渐增高,而对照组血压无明显改变.同时实验组孕鼠血一氧化氮水平（47.256±6.708 μmol/L）明显低于对照组（61.287 ±9.725μmol/L）（P＜0.01）,而内皮素水平（91.209±16.918ng/L）明显高于对照组（56.624±9.337ng/L）（P＜0.01）.结论 STBM可以损伤孕鼠血管内皮,使其调节血管舒缩功能受损,从而导致孕鼠血压升高,提示其可能是子痫前期内皮细胞功能紊乱的原因.

Objective To provide a basis for the pathogenesis of preeclampsia by investigating whether syncytiotrophoblast microparticles（STBM） could cause the vascular endothelial dysfunction in pregnant rat.Methods Placentas were obtained after cesarean section from ten preeclampsia women from Aug 2013 to Oct 2013 in the Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People＇s Hospital.0.3ml saline which contain 0.45mg syncytiotrophoblast microparticles and 0.3ml saline with nothing as control were injected in tail veins of SD rat on the day 7.5,day 10.5,day 13.5 of pregnancy.Blood pressure was measured by means of the tail-cuff method and on day 17.5,the rat were anesthetized by diethyl ether and blood were collected for detecting the plasma concentration of nitric oxide （NO） and endotelin （ET）.Results Rat with syncytiotrophoblast microparticles showed a significant elevation in BP,a significant increase in ET level and a significant decrease in NO level.Conclusion Syncytiotrophoblast microparticles can injury the endothelia cells of pregnant rat which may contribute to the elevation in BP.This research indicates the syncytiotrophoblast microparticles are important among the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.