前臂桡侧中段穿支筋膜皮瓣的临床应用

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF RADIAL MID-FOREARM PERFORATOR FASCIOCUTANEOUS FLAP

目的探讨应用前臂桡侧中段穿支筋膜皮瓣移位修复前臂下段及腕部软组织缺损的疗效。方法2007年5月-2012年7月,应用前臂桡侧中段穿支筋膜皮瓣修复7例前臂下段及腕部软组织缺损。男6例,女1例;年龄22~45岁,平均38岁。碾压伤4例,伤后至手术时间3~22 d,平均14 d;尺骨粉碎性骨折内固定术后2例,分别为术后16、20 d;腕部结核病灶清除术后24 d 1例。缺损部位:前臂背侧下段5例,腕背部2例。软组织缺损范围为4 cm×3 cm^9 cm×5 cm。皮瓣切取范围为6 cm×4 cm^12 cm×6 cm。供区直接缝合或植皮修复。结果术中出血量50~90 mL,平均64 mL;手术时间60~80 min,平均72 min。术后6例皮瓣顺利成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合;1例皮瓣远端坏死,经换药后延迟愈合。供区植皮均成活,切口Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间3~14个月,平均9个月。皮瓣外观略臃肿,但色泽正常,无溃疡及窦道形成。结论前臂桡侧中段穿支筋膜皮瓣解剖恒定,无需分离其来源血管,操作简便,血供丰富,成活率高,临床效果满意,是修复前臂下段及腕部软组织缺损术式的重要补充。

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of using radial mid-forearm perforator fasciocutaneous flap to repair soft tissue defect in lower segment of the forearm and the wrist. Methods Between May 2007 and July 2012,7 cases of soft tissue defect of lower segment of the forearm and the wrist were repaired with radial mid-forearm perforator fasciocutaneous flap. There were 6 males and 1 female with an average age of 38 years （range, 22-45 years）. Defects were caused by crushing injury in cases with the disease duration of 3-22 days （mean, 14 days）, by internal fixation of ulnar comminuted fracture in 2 cases after 16 and 20 days of operation respectively, and by focal cleaning of wrist joint tuberculosis in 1 cases after 24 days of operation. The locations of defect were the lower segment of the forearm in 5 cases and the dorsal side of the wrist in 2 cases. The area of soft tissue defect ranged from 4 cm × 3 cm to 9 cm × 5 cm. The size of flap ranged from 6 cm × 4 cm to 12 cm × 6 cm. The donor site was closed with direct suturing or skin grafting. Results The intraoperative blood loss was 50-90 mL （mean, 64 mL）; the operation time was 60-80 minutes （mean, 72 minutes）. Six flaps survived with wound healing by first intention; partial flap necrosis occurred in 1 case, and delayed healing was obtained after dressing change. Skin grafting at donor sites survived with healing of incision by first intention. The patients were followed up 3-14 months （mean, 9 months）.No ulcer or sinus tract was observed; all flaps showed a slightly swollen appearance and had normal color. Conclusion Radial mid-forearm perforator fasciocutaneous flap does not need to dissect the source of blood vessels due to constantly anatomical structure. It has the advantages of easy operation, rich blood supply, high survival rate, and satisfactory clinical effect, so it is an important supplement of the other non-main vessel pedicle flaps to repair soft tissue defect in the lower segment of the forearm land the wrist.