非离子型CT对比剂体外加温到37℃后使用对过敏反应发生率和外渗率的影响

Effect of Extrinsic Warming of Nonionic Contrast Agent for CT to 37℃ on the Rate of Allergic Reactions and Extravasations

目的：探讨非离子型CT对比剂体外加温到37℃后使用对对比剂过敏反应发生率和外渗率的影响.方法：选取3442例接受CT增强检查的患者,随机分为加温组（n=1734）和对照组（n=1708）.加温组在CT增强检查前将非离子型CT对比剂加温到37℃再进行静脉注射,对照组为常温状态（18～20℃）下直接进行静脉注射.结果：注射非离子型CT对比剂（碘比醇300）后,加温组过敏反应发生率（0.61％）和外渗率（0.57％）与对照组过敏反应发生率（0.44％）和外渗率（0.48％）比较,无显著性意义（P＞0.05）.注射非离子型CT对比剂（碘比醇350）后,加热组的过敏反应发生率（0.81％）和外渗率（0.32％）明显较对照组（2.46％和1.59％）低（P＜0.05）.结论：使用非离子型CT对比剂（碘比醇300）体外加温到37℃对过敏反应发生率和外渗率无影响,但用非离子型CT对比剂（碘比醇350）造影时体外加温到37℃能降低过敏反应和外渗的发生率.

Purpose：This study aimed to investigate the influences of nonionic contrast agent for CT after warmed in vitro over 37℃ on anaphylaxis incidence and leakage rate of contrast agent.Methods：A total of 3442 cases of patients receiving enhanced CT examinations were selected and divided into the warming group （n=1734） and the control group （n=1708）.In the warming group,nonionic contrast agent for CT was warmed until over 37℃ before enhanced CT examination and used for intravenous injection.In the control group,the contrast agent was directly used for intravenous injection at room temperature （18～20℃）.Results：After nonionic contrast agent for CT （Iobitridol 300） was injected,there were no significant difference in both anaphylaxis incidence and leakage rate between the warming group （0.61%,0.57%） and the control group （0.44%,0.48%） （P〉0.05）.After nonionic contrast agent for CT （Iobitridol 350） was injected,both anaphylaxis incidence （0.81%） and leakage rate （0.32%） in the warming group were significantly lower than those in the control group （2.46%,1.59%） （P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Nonionic contrast agent for CT （Iobitridol 300） after warmed in vitro over 37℃ did not influence anaphylaxis incidence and leakage rate,while nonionic contrast agent for CT （Iobitridol 350） after warmed in vitro over 37℃ could reduce both anaphylaxis incidence and leakage rate.