沙门氏菌1,4,[5],12:i:-耐药性和遗传特征研究进展

Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of Salmonella enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12: i:- A review

近10年来,一种与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有相似抗原的非典型沙门氏菌血清型1,4,[5],12:i:-在全球多个国家检出率大幅度增加,目前已被列为引起人类沙门氏菌病的主要血清型之一。沙门氏菌1,4,[5],12:i:-菌株具多重耐药特性,存在分别以质粒和染色体介导的两种主要的多重耐药菌株(西班牙株系和欧洲株系)。多个抗生素抗性基因(blaTEM、blaCTX-M-1、aac(3)-IV、aadA2、cmlA1、sul1、sul2、dfrA12、strA-strB、tet(A)和tet(B))在1,4,[5],12:i:-耐药菌株中检出。遗传特征分析显示,沙门氏菌1,4,[5],12:i:-与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有很高的遗传相似度,并且推测是由于多个独立的遗传事件的改变,导致鼠伤寒沙门氏菌变异而产生不同的1,4,[5],12:i:-株系。对于沙门氏菌1,4,[5],12:i:-,相关快速、准确检测方法的建立及致病、耐药机制研究将是今后的重要方向。

Salmonella enterica serotype 1, 4, [ 5 ], 12： i：- （ Salmonella 1, 4, [ 5 ], 12： i：-）, an emerging serotype antigenically related to Salmonella Typhimurium （1,4, [ 5 ], 12 ： i ： 1,2 ） but lacking the second phase flagellar antigen, has been frequently detected in many countries over the last 10 years. Nowadays it seems to be one of the major serotypes responsible for human salmonellosis cases worldwide. In addition, muhidrug resistance is quite common in Salmonella 1, 4, [ 5 ] , 12：i：-, the two major clones （labelled as Spanish and European clones） show multidrug resistance to four or more unrelated classes of antimicrobials mediated by plasmids or chromosome. Some resistance determinants including blaTEM , blac , aac（ 3 ）-IV, aadA2, cmlA1, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, strA-strB, tet （A） and tet （B） have been found in these muhidrug resistance strains. The genomic characterization of 1_ ,4, [ 5 ] , 12 ： i ： - isolates suggests that this serovar is likely to gather several clones or strains that have independently emerged from S. Typhimurium, and have changed through multiple independent events involving different clonal groups. In later study, emphasis should be paid on development of rapid and precise detection methods and study of pathogenic and resistance mechanisms of Salmonella 1,4, [5 ] , 12 ：i ：-.