维吾尔族正常人群的外鼻相关指标测量及其特征分析

Measurements and characteristics of external nose-related parameters in normal Uygur people

目的 通过对新疆维吾尔族正常人群的外鼻测量,探讨其特征,为鼻骨复位、鼻部成形术提供解剖学依据.方法 将就诊耳鼻咽喉科和整形科的维吾尔族患者家属作为实验组,同时设汉族患者家属作为对照组,完成外鼻相关指标的测量,计算相关指标的95％可信区间,并进行维吾尔族与汉族对比分析.结果 根据测量所得数据,计算出维吾尔族外鼻相关指标的95％可信区间;维吾尔族男性的鼻长、鼻高、鼻深、鼻背坡长、鼻额角、鼻尖角均大于汉族男性,维吾尔族女性的鼻长、鼻高、鼻背坡长、鼻面角、鼻翼角均大于汉族女性,维吾尔族与汉族之间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.维吾尔族男性超狭鼻型、狭鼻型、中鼻型所占比例分别为14.02％、79.50％、6.48％;女性分别占14.60％、67.72％、17.68％,与汉族相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 新疆维吾尔族正常人群的外鼻有其特征,以狭鼻型为主,95％的医学参考值范围可为今后临床工作提供客观参考依据.

Objective To measure and analyze the external nasal morphology of normal Uygur in Xinjiang,which will provide the anatomical basis for the rhinoplasty.Methods From the Department of Otolaryngology and Plastic Surgery of our hospital,we collected the Uighur patients＆#39; families as the research objects during January 2011 to December 2012,and at the same time Han nationality patients＆#39; families were set as control group.Related parameters of external nose measurements were completed,and the parameters of external nose of 95% confidence interval calculated,and compared with those of Han people.Results The measured data showed that there were the 95% confidence interval of the Uighurs external nasal related indicators; The nasal length,height,depth,dorsum slope length,temples,nasal tip angle of the male Uighur were greater than those of male Han; Uighur women had longer,higher nose,more slope length of the nose back,and greater nasal-facial angle and nosewing angle than that of Han women.The proportion of ultra narrow nasal type,narrow nose,the middle nose in Uighur men was 14.02%,79.50%,and 6.48% ; that in Uighur women was 14.60%,67.72%,and 17.68%,respectively; compared with those in Han nationality,there was a significantly statistical difference （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The external nasal morphology of the Uygur people in Xinjiang has its characteristics,with dominants of narrow nasal type; 95% of medical reference range will provide an objective reference basis for the future clinical work.