语气隐喻在法庭话语博弈中的语用功能

Pragmatic Functions of Metaphor of Mood in the Language Game of Courtroom Discourse

语气系统涉及四个言语功能:提供、命令、陈述和疑问。其功能的实现过程涉及非一致式的实现方式,即语气隐喻。作为一种典型的机构性言语活动,法庭会话中密集、系统的问答过程为语气隐喻的研究提供了丰富的话语资源。语气隐喻的选择动态顺应于不断变化的庭审语境,且不同机构角色对语气隐喻的类型运用不同。语气隐喻作为法庭上有效的言语策略,在公诉人和律师的话语中运用尤为丰富,在法庭审判中实现了积极的语用功能:彰显机构权威性,提高论辩说服力,建构、夺取和维护话语权。这些言语功能也进一步印证了法庭话语的权势充斥性、话语权的不对称性、言语策略性及语境决定性等特征。

The mood system involves four speech functions：offer,command,statement and question.The incongruent forms of realizing these functions are called metaphor of mood.As a typical institutional speech act,courtroom discourse with intensive question-answer system provides rich discourse recourses for the study on metaphor of mood.Metaphor of mood is context-based and different court participants have different preference for its types of forms.Metaphor of mood is an effective verbal strategy in court and is widely used by prosecutors and lawyers.Its pragmatic functions like highlighting the authorities,strengthening the persuasion of argumentation,and constructing,seizing and maintaining the speech power further verify the existence and asymmetry of speech power,speech strategy and contextual determinism.