现代汉语框式介词的句法辖域探究

An Investigation on the Syntactic Domain of Circumpositions in Modern Chinese

作为介词短语里特殊的一类,框式介词一方面承担着与其他介词短语相同的句法功能,另一方面也展现出自身特有的一些句法特征。由于前、后置词在框式介词中只是临时性的句法组合,并且它们分别有着各自的句法辖域,因此不同的框式介词必然呈现出不同的类型及结构层次。通常情况下介词的辖域是明确的,但有时也不够清楚,需要仔细考察句子成分才能加以判定。介词辖域的混乱不清会加大句子分析的难度,对介词辖域的理解分歧会造成对句子分析结果的差异,对介词辖域的错误切分也会影响句子分析的准确性。正是因为框式介词的内部结构层次有区别,辖域有差异,句法强制性也不同,才造成了不同框式介词在隐现问题上各有特点。

As a special category in prespositional phrases,circumpositions on one hand take functions which are similar with other prepositional phrases,and on the other hand they display their own syntactic features.Since prepositions and postpositions assemble temporarily,and they have their own syntactic domains,different circumpositions inevitably present different kinds and layers of structure.Under normal circumstances the domains of prepositions are explicit,but sometimes they are vague and they can be determined only by examining sentence constituents carefully.Vague prepositional domains will cause difficulty in sentence analysis.The different understanding about prepositional domains will bring about different outcomes of sentence analysis.And the wrong designation of prepositional domains will influence the accuracy of sentence analysis.The divergence in the inner structural level of circumpositions and the discrepancy in domains and syntactic force bring about the different characteristics in their problems of hiding and appearance.