我国家庭学前教育成本分担研究

The Study of Family Cost-sharing in Preschool Education in China

论文对《中国教育经费统计年鉴》中家庭分担学前教育成本的数据做了整理与分析。研究发现,家庭是分担学前教育成本的最大主体,承受着超负荷的经济压力。由于城乡差异和"公办园偏向"的投入差异,家庭承受的成本分担压力并不相同。依据家庭承受的经济压力,可以将其划分为"双重减压的家庭"、"单一压力的家庭"、"双重加压的家庭"三种类型。为减轻家庭尤其是"双重加压的家庭"的成本分担压力,提出了三点建议:一是转移成本分担重担,实现家庭分担合理化;二是财政性投入有所倾斜,重点扶持低收入家庭;三是均衡配置教育资源,严格规范民办园市场。

In this paper,the data of family cost-sharing in preschool education in＂China Education Finance Statistical Yearbook＂ has been sort out and analyzed. The study finds that family has become the main body of cost-sharing in preschool education,withstanding overloaded economic pressure. The urban-rural differences and public kindergartens oriented result the divergence of sharing levels between families. According to the economic pressure they stand,families can be classified into three type：they are＂the family with little economic burden＂,＂the family with single economic burden＂and＂the family with double economic burden＂. The paper puts forward three recommendations to reduce the economic burden of the families,especially for＂the family with double economic burden＂. First,to transfer cost-sharing burden from family to government so that families share the cost reasonably. Second,government＇s financial investment leans to the vulnerable groups,especially to the low-income families. Third,to balance the educational resources and standardize the market of private kindergartens strictly.