驳公共领域中的顾客观念

A Critique of the Concept of Customer in Public Field

顾客观念是一个严格从属于私人领域的观念,却在公共领域中得到了广泛的应用。顾客观念是以交换关系为前提。传统上,公共领域中不存在交换关系,而通过凭券制度改革,政府与社会间被强加进了一种交换关系,从而形成了类似于企业和顾客关系的特征。不过,凭券制度仍然是以公共领域的非交换性为前提的,它并没有改变公共领域的性质,也没有改变顾客观念在公共领域中的不适用性。顾客观念的流行反映了公共领域中"他在性"的匮乏,未来,公共行政的发展应当从顾客导向走向他在性。

The concept of customer is preconditioned by exchange relations, which traditionally did not exist in public field, and was introduced into public field through the voucher system reform, making the relation between government and society similar to the relation between businesses and customers. However, the voucher system is still based upon the non-exchangeability of public field, neither did it change the nature of public field, nor did it change the inapplicability of the concept of customer in public field. The widespread of the concept of customer reflects the deficient of alterity in public field, and urges a transformation of public administration from customer orientation toward alterity.