民国时期改正西南地区虫兽偏旁族类命名详论

A Study on the Correction of the Way of Naming of Ethnic Minorities in the Southwest of China Who Were Once Named by the Part Names of the Animal and Beast during the Period of the Republic of China

民国时期改正西南地区虫兽偏旁族类命名与建立现代中华民族国家密切相关,集中体现了外来民族理论本土化的不同路径与复杂面相。废除虫兽偏旁是各方共识,具体有改虫兽偏旁为亻、彳诸偏旁,改用自称名号和改以区域区分三种主张,新指称体现民族、部族和区域三种属性,根本分歧在于对现代民族国家类型的理解与取舍。国民党和国民政府下令社会部、教育部和中央研究院三机关改正"西南少数民族命名",旨在配合以行政区域统驭国内各族的制度设计,建立一个中华民族的民族国家,其成败得失值得深入研究。

The Correction of the way of naming of ethnic minorities in the Southwest of China who were once named by the part names of the animal and beast during the period of the Republic of China was closely related with the establishment of modern Chinese nation,and also embodied the different paths and complex surfaces of the localization of foreign ethnic theories.The abolition of this way of naming of those ethnic minorities reached a consensus of all parties in which includes three different opinions,i.e.,they were named by Han characters with ' 亻 ' or ' 彳 ',by their claims,and by the regional way.The way of new naming was connected with ethnic,tribal and regional attributes,and its fundamental difference displayed the different understanding and selecting of the types of the modern nation-state.The Kuomintang and the National Government ordered the Social Department,Ministry of Education and Central Research Academy to correct the old way of naming,which aimed to match for the design of the system of using administrative region to govern the domestic various nationalities,as well as to establish a Chinese nation.Those practices including its success or failure were worth of a further study.