新加坡保障性住房建设与管理核心制度及对中国的启示

The Core System of Singapore's Affordable Housing Construction and Management and Its Inspiration to China

新加坡是全世界公认的解决公共保障性住房问题最成功的国家之一,高效的土地供给和使用制度、强制型住房公积金制度、补贴制度以及准入与退出制度构成了其保障性住房建设和管理的核心制度。中国保障性住房起步晚,存在土地供需失衡、资金利用效率偏低和管理体系不健全等问题。借鉴新加坡经验,重点应做好五个方面的制度改进与完善,即完善保障性住房土地供应体系,确保"专地专用"、转变保障性住房用地理念与提升城市融入性相结合,确保"用地有方"、加大财税支持力度与构建地区性多元化融资平台相结合,确保"有钱可用"、完善保障性住房公积金使用制度,确保"用钱有道"以及完善保障性住房准入与退出机制,确保"进出顺畅"。

Singapore is recognized as one of the most successful countries around the world on solving the problem of public housing.The core system of affordable housing construction and management is made up of efficient land supply and use system,mandatory housing accumulation fund system,subsidy system and access and withdrawal system.Chinese affordable housing started late and had a lot of problems,for example,disequilibrium between supply and demand of land,lower fund utilization rate and poor management system.This paper suggests to draw lessons from Singapore＇s experiences and focus on the five aspects of the institutional improvement and perfection.That is to perfect affordable housing land system to ensure that＂special land for special purpose＂,combine the change of affordable housing land concept and the improvement of urban integration to make sure that＂use land in a right way＂,unite the increase of the financial and taxation support and the construction of regional multi-variety investment terrace to guarantee＂get money to spend＂,consummate the utilization of housing accumulation fund system to make certain that＂spend the money in a right place＂and improve the access and withdrawal system of affordable housing to render certain that＂in and out smoothly＂.