美国领导式教学:内涵、理念及其启示

Teaching as Leadership in America:Connotation,Idea and Enlightment

领导式教学即作为领导者的教师采用影响、激励和授权等领导策略,通过制定目标和计划、建立学习规程与检查和评价机制,激发学生及其相关影响者的动机和积极性,引领学生自主学习,以实现学生学习成功和达到课程教学目标的过程。领导式教学秉持七项原则:设立大目标、激发学生及其家人、有目的地进行设计、有效实施、持续提升成效、努力不懈以及示范学习并成为学生的榜样。当前,我国的教育教学改革、教育质量提升和教育公平应着力于提高教师素质,使教师成为领导者;激发学生自主学习的意识和能力;在学校中创建学习共同体;设定合理学习目标,科学评价与反馈。

Teaching as leadership is a process to realize the students＇ learning success and the teaching goal. In this process, by setting goals and plans, building learning rules and evaluation mechanism, the teacher as leader adopts leadership strategies of influence, motivation and authorization to motivate the students and other relevant people＇s motivation and guide students to study independently. Teaching as leadership adheres to the seven principles： setting big goals, motivating the enthusiasm of students and their families, planning purposefully, executing effectively, continuously increasing effectiveness, working relentlessly, demonstrating learning and becoming an example of the students. The primary task for the current educational reform, educational quality promotion and educational equality in China is to improve the teachers＇ quality and make teachers become leaders, inspire students to realize their independent learning ability, establish learning community, set reasonable learning goals, and evaluate and feedback scientifically.