政权初建背景下的政府与乡村——山东省郯城县一九五三年“毛人”谣言的传播与平息

The Government and Countryside at the Beginning of PRC——The Spreading and Quelling of Rumors of“Hairy Man”in Tancheng County of Shandong Province in 1953

1953年"毛人"谣言于郯城县的传入与传播,很大程度上体现了革命政权建设轨迹与当地乡村百姓心理感受的"共鸣"。因此,谣言的"恐慌者"和"乘机活动者"体现了"全民性"和"集体性"的特征,皆包含了乡村社会所有阶层人群,不仅有中共革命的受冲击者,亦包括许多中共革命的利益获得者。谣言的矛头指向中共干部,显示了乡村基层政权初建时遭遇的尴尬,谣言的平息过程从而成为乡村社会对新生政权接纳与认可的过程,新生政权由此得以有力巩固;同时,将诸类问题皆纳入阶级斗争框架内处理的工作模式进入乡村,其后续影响显而易见。

In 1953, the ＂hairy man＂ rumors spread in Tancheng County, which largely reflected the ＂sympathy＂ of the regime trajectory and the local rural people＇ s feeling. Therefore, the ＂panic people＂ and ＂opportunist＂ of the rumor embodied the characteristics of ＂universal＂ and ＂collective＂, including all segments of the population of the village society, not only the persecuted people, but also many vested interests owners of Chinese Communist Revolution. The rumors pointed to the CPC cadres, implying the embarrassment in the early process of rural regime. The process of quelling rumors became the process of rural society admitting and recognizing the new regime, and thus the new regime was consolidated. Meanwhile, the work style that all the issues are included in the class struggle framework went to the country, and its subsequent effect was obvious.