三级生物安全防护实验室职业紧张分析

Analysis on job stress assessment in BSL-3 laboratories

目的三级生物安全实验室(Biosafety level 3 laboratory,BSL-3实验室)工作人员因面对高致病性病原微生物操作和特殊工作环境而存在的工作压力可能不利于风险控制而增加意外事故,本研究分析BSL-3实验室工作人员的职业紧张度及紧张源,为控制实验室风险提供依据。方法以JDC模式和ERI模式为理论基础,对"中文版简明职业紧张问卷"改编成适用于BSL-3实验室工作人员的职业紧张评估问卷,调查了上海、浙江、江苏、福建、武汉五个省市的六家BSL-3实验室的87位工作人员职业紧张状况。结果研究得出年龄、工作年限、工作身份、BSL-3实验室所操作微生物的种类、传播途径及在BSL-3实验室内进行动物实验是显著影响BSL-3实验室工作人员职业紧张水平的因素。结论 20-39岁、低工作年限、固定工作人员、进行呼吸道传播病原微生物操作、动物实验以及多种病原微生物操作的工作人员职业紧张程度较高。

Objective The staffs of biosafety level 3 laboratories （BSL-3） face with the stress of handling highly pathogenic microbs and special laboratory environment.The job stress may result in accidents in the laboratory as negative factor for the risk control.The research may provide support for the control of risk in biosafety laboratories.Methods In order to assess the job stress in the staff in BSL-3 laboratory, we modified “the Chinese simple job stress questionnaire”based on the theory of the JDC mode and ERI mode, and an investigation was carried out.The present study included the staffs （87 employees） from six BSL-3 laboratories located in five provinces （ Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian and Wuhan） .Results Analysis of the data indicates that variables of age, working years, job duties, manipulating of animals, type of microorganisms and transmission route have a significant influence on the level of job stress in BSL-3 laboratory.Conclusion The BSL-3 laboratory staff in higher stress level have the characteristicses：20-39 years old, short work years, regular staff, operating on air-borne microbiology, manipulating of animals and operating on one more microbiology.