论以套路为主要技术传承方式的传统武术对技击的超越

Traditional Martial Arts of Wushu Routine as the Main Skill Inheritance beyond the Martial Arts

采用文献资料和专家访谈法,从逻辑上将以套路为主要技术对武术套路的传统武术对技击的超越进行梳理,为武术套路的技击性判断提供新的思路。研究认为,由于对武术技击性定位模糊造成运用纯粹的技击标准来限定以套路为主要技术传承方式的传统武术、使用技击功能来评价武术套路,产生对武术技击性的严重误读。首先,技击是技为"击"的实用术,追求"击必中,中必摧"的目的,而传统武术是击为技的验证与注释,形成在目的上的超越;其次,技击是以实用为标准,而传统武术"打、练、养"多种标准并存形成从评价标准上超越;再者,技击只是纯粹的"击杀术",而传统武术受到诸多"戒律"的限定形成从道德伦理上超越;最后,技击讲究"因敌而动"的随机变化,而传统武术套路呈现更多预先规定的程式化特征形成从形式上超越。认识到这些传统武术由血腥厮杀到文明修炼的4种超越,一方面有利于思考武术套路相关理论问题,同时也有助于从整体上设计更加符合传统武术特点的发展模式。

Using literature and expert interview method, this study sets as the traditional martial arts which the main technology for the transcendence with Wushu Routine to the art of carding, provides new train of thought for Wushu affect ＇ s judgment. Research suggests that due to the martial arts affect position- ing fuzzy using pure art of standard to define pattern as the main technical way of traditional Wushu inheritance, use art functions to evaluate Wushu, produce serious misreading of martial arts affect. First, the art of fight as a ＂hit＂ the practical operation, the pursuit of ＂strike for hit, hit for break,＂ and the traditional martial arts is a blow for the purpose of the technology of verification and annotation form beyond on purpose. Second, the art of fight is based on practical stan- dard and traditional martial arts＇ standard of ＂fight, practice, regime ＂which are the various coexist formed beyond the evaluation standard. Moreover, the art of fight kind is pure ＂kill＂ and the traditional martial arts have aroused the limited form of ＂taboo＂ transcend from the moral and ethical. Finally, the art of fight pay attention to ＂move due to the enemy＇s random change＂, traditional martial art has more prescribed stylized characteristics formed beyond the form. Recognize these traditional martial arts by the four above of bloody fight to the civilization, on the one hand is advantageous to the thinking of Wushu related theoretical issues, in the other hand to help on the whole design more accord with the characteristics of traditional martial arts development model.