我国女子足球运动员赛前机能综合评价系统的构建研究

Comprehensive Evaluation System Construction of Pre-match Physiological Function for Chinese Female Soccer Players

运用专家问卷调查法及层次分析法对我国优秀女子足球运动员赛前机能综合评价体系进行构建。确立评价体系一级指标5个:骨骼肌机能、氧运输机能、物质代谢机能、激素调节机能和神经调节机能,权重系数依次为0.106 158、0.530 819、0.032 894、0.202 101和0.128 028;二级指标11个:肌酸激酶、最大摄氧量、心率恢复速率、血红蛋白、血尿素氮、体脂百分比、尿比重、血清睾酮、血清皮质醇、反应时和紧张度指数,权重系数依次为0.106 158、0.316 512、0.124 729、0.091 171、0.020 226、0.004 886、0.007 782、0.101 051、0.101 051、0.064 014和0.070 415,制定女足运动员赛前机能评分标准与等级。运用评价体系对国家女足运动员赛前机能进行综合评价,12名检测运动员中1人优秀,2人良好,其他处于一般或欠佳状态,突出问题是运动员血清肌酸激酶、血红蛋白以及尿比重的评分较低,表明国家女足运动员赛前机能恢复效果欠佳,整体赛前机能并未达到最佳状态。

The purpose of this paper was to construct comprehensive evaluation system of pre-match physiological function in Chinese female soccer players by using expert survey and AHP methods. Two-class indexes were concluded in the system. The first class has 5 indicators, included skeletal muscle function, oxygen transportation capacity, substance metabolism, hormonal regulation function and neural regulation function, with weight coefficients 0.106 158, 0.530 819, 0.032 894, 0.202 101 and 0.128 028. The second class has 11 indicators, included creatine kinase, maximal oxygen uptake , heart rate recovery rate, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, body fat percentage , specific gravity, serum testosterone, serum cortisol, reaction time and the tension index, with weighting coefficients 0.106 158, 0.316 512, 0.124 729, 0.091 171, 0.020 226, 0.004 886, 0.007 782, 0.101 051, 0.101 051, 0.064 014 and 0.070 415.12 female soccer players＇ pre-match physiological function were evaluated by used evaluation scoring criteria and grades during 2012 Chongqing National Games. Results showed only one player was elite, and the main problem was athletes got low scores in CK, HB and UP. It indicated athletes＇ ineffective functional recovery and did not achieve the best performance before the match.