魏源海防思想述论

On Wei Yuan's Coastal Defense Thoughts

鸦片战争失败以后,魏源在总结经验教训的基础上,从"守"、"攻"("战")、"款"三个方面论述了海防之策。"守"的基本思想是诱敌深入扬长避短,还包含"器利不如人和"及武装民众的思想。"攻"("战"):一是联合一切可以联合的力量,集中打击侵略者;二是"师夷之长技以制夷"。"款"是既开放与各国平等互利的合法贸易,又禁止非法的鸦片贸易。

After Qing Government’s defeat in the Opium War, Wei Yuan discussed the coastal defense strategy from three aspects, namely, defense, attack and negotiation. The basic idea of“defense” is to lure the foe deep into the country and to exploit to the full the favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones.“Attack” means to unite all possible power to strike invaders, and learn the advantage from the foreign invaders first and then defeat them. “Negotiation” is to open trading of equality and mutual benefit with foreign countries while prohibiting illegal opium trade.