废弃烟沫堆置发酵有机肥腐熟菌种的分离、筛选和鉴定

Isolation,Screening and Identification of Decompositing Microorganisms for Tobacco Scrap Solid-state Fermentation

[目的]为加速烟草废弃物的资源化利用,筛选适合废弃烟沫快速发酵腐熟的微生物菌种成为资源化利用的重要一环。[方法]利用纤维素刚果红选择性培养基,分别从废弃烟丝、腐熟牛粪、油枯有机肥和味精下脚料等田固体废弃物中分离筛选腐熟菌种,并进行复筛、纯化和鉴定。[结果]共筛得16株腐熟菌株,其中复筛出6株高效菌株分别为F1、F2、F3、N1、N2、W1。经16S r DNA和Biolog鉴定,该6种菌菌株分别为Bacillus subtillis,Bacillus subtillis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Mycobacterium vaccae,Bacillis amyloliquefaciens;纤维素分解能力试验结果表明,6种降解菌对烟沫中纤维素的降解能力为N1>F3>N2>F2>F1>W1;在烟碱浓度为低浓度0.1%时耐烟碱能力为F2>F3=N1>W1>F1>N2,在烟碱浓度为高浓度0.5%时耐烟碱能力为F2>F3>N1>N2>W1=F1,同时N1与N2、N1与F1、N1与F2之间没有拮抗作用。[结论]N1与N2复配构成废弃烟沫专用腐熟菌种为最佳选择。

[Objective] In order to accelerate the decomposition of solid organic wastes of tobacco,the screening of composting microorganism plays a key role in tobacco scrap rapid process fermentation.[Method] Decomposing strains from tobacco crap,dairy manure,rapeseed meal and monosodium glutamate waste samples were screened,purified and identified by Congo red screening medium in this experiment.[Result] Six dominant strains of sixteen strains,named as F1,F2,F3,N1,N2 and W1 were isolated and identified as Bacillus subtillis,Bacillus subtillis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Bacillis amyloliquefaciens by 16S rDNA sequence homologies and Biolog Identification.The results showed that the ability of cellulose decomposition of strains were N1 ＞ F3 ＞ N2 ＞ F2 ＞ F1 ＞ W1.Besides,the tolerances to 0.1％ nicotine of 6 strains were F2 ＞ F3 =N1 ＞ W1 ＞ F1 ＞ N2,while to 0.5 ％ nicotine were F2 ＞ F3 ＞ N1 ＞ N2 ＞ W1 =F1.There was no antagonistic effect between N1 and N2,N1 and F1,and N1 and F2.[Conclusion] The combination of N1 and N2 was considered as the best complex decompositing strains for tobacco srap solid-state fermentation.