晋中市老年人主观幸福感状况及其相关因素分析

Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of the Elderly in Jinzhong City

为了解晋中市老年人主观幸福感的基本状况,采用纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表,对晋中市230位65岁以上老年人进行问卷调查。结果显示:晋中市老年人主观幸福感属于中等偏上水平;老年人的主观幸福感在性别方面不存在显著差异;与家人共同居住的老年人比独自居住的老年人主观幸福感更强,双方差异非常显著;初中及初中以上学历的老年人比小学及小学以下学历的老年人主观幸福感更强,双方差异非常显著。研究表明,晋中市老年人主观幸福感总体较好,但存在较为显著的居住方式、学历差异,应重点关注独居、低学历群体老年人的主观幸福感,并通过国家和社会、家庭成员以及老年人自身的努力,让老年人能够安享晚年生活。

To understand the fundamental condition of the elderly’s SWB in Jinzhong City,the article adopts the MUNSH Scale of Happiness to investigate 230 old people in Jinzhong City by a questionnaire survey. The results indicate that the elderly’s SWB in Jinzhong City belonged to the upper level;the elderly’s SWB has no significance in gender differences;the subjective well-being of elderly people who live together with family is stronger than those living alone and there is a very significant difference between the two parties; subjective well-being of the elderly who have received junior high school or above education is stronger than those of primary school and elementary school diploma , and there is also a very significant difference between the two parties. The research shows that the subjective well-being of the elderly in Jinzhong City is good on the whole, but there is significant difference in living stlyle and education . So we should focus on subjective well-being of the elderly, who live on their own and low education group and attempt to provide them with a well-being life through efforts made by the state and society, family members and the elderly themselves.