自行式缆索起重集材机集材作业工艺研究

Study on skidding operation modes of self-propelled cable hoisting skidder

基于从欧洲最新引进的自行式缆索起重集材机(KOLLER-K303H)及集材作业技术,"陡坡山地森林择伐作业技术及其设备引进"项目组对森林采运的缆索集材作业工艺进行了研究,旨在为提高森林集材作业的效率、降低成本,减轻集材作业过程对森林生态系统的破坏,并消化吸收和完善所引进的集材作业技术,为其推广应用做准备。根据引进设备的机构功能特点,本研究详叙了"塔架上置式"和"塔架下置式"集材作业工艺技术,及探讨了"正反坡同步集材"和"超范围集材"的集材技术。伐区实地的集材试验结果表明:本研究所探讨的集材作业工艺效率高,能较好地适应中国南方林区复杂地形集材作业的需要。

In order to improve efficiency of logging operation in forest, reduce harvesting cost and decrease the destruction in the skidding process to forest ecology system, and digest, absorb and perfect the logging technology introduced from the Europe and prepare for its popularization and application, based on the latest imported cable yarding machine （KOLLER-K303H） and yarding technology from Europe, the steep mountain forest selective cutting operation technology and equipment introduced have been studied. According to the functions and characteristics of introduced equipments, the yarding operation technology of“tower overhead type”and“tower underneath type”were reported, and the skidding techniques of positive and negative slope synchronously logging and skidding wood beyond the scope （normal distance） were discussed. The results of field yarding experimental show that the yarding operation processes given in this research had a high efficiency, were able to adapt to the needs of the logging operation in complex terrain in forest area of south China.