长江上游水库群多目标优化调度模型及应用研究Ⅱ:水库群调度规则及蓄放次序

A multi-reservoir operation optimization model and application in the upper Yangtze River Basin Ⅱ.Operation rules and water releasing/storing sequences

水库群联合调度中水库的协同调度规则和蓄放水次序是关键问题。在讨论多目标水库群联合调度的规则制定方法的基础上,依据"长江上游水库群多目标优化调度模型及应用研究(I):模型原理及求解"一文中推荐的多目标协调方案,统计得出长系列调度和多年平均水文条件下的各水库联合调度规则图,并讨论了其适用条件。进一步分析了推荐方案下水库群联合调度的汛前放水和汛末蓄水次序。研究表明,在多年长系列联合优化调度下,长江上游具有调蓄库容和防洪任务的11座多目标混联水库群,其蓄放水次序具有统计规律。出现概率最大的优化放水次序为:三峡—水布垭—锦屏I级—溪洛渡、构皮滩、二滩—紫坪铺、瀑布沟—隔河岩、宝珠寺、向家坝;优化蓄水次序为:锦屏I级—二滩、水布垭—隔河岩—溪洛渡、瀑布沟、紫坪铺、宝珠寺、构皮滩—向家坝—三峡。对于串联梯级水库群,上游水库先放水,下游水库后放水;上游水库先蓄水,下游水库先蓄满。

The coordinative operation rules as well as the sequences of water releasing and storing are keyissues in the joint reservoirs operation. Based on the discussion of the methodology and technology for deter-mining optimal operation rules of reservoirs,and the multi-objective coordination recommendation in the pa-per of＂A multi-reservoir operation optimization model and application in the upper Yangtze River Basin I.Principle and solution of the model＂,the joint operation rule charts and their application conditions are an-alyzed and concluded statistically with a long-term cooperation and an average hydrological condition over48 years. According to the long-term cooperation,the water releasing and storing sequence of reservoirsare further discussed here. It is concluded that there are certain statistical water releasing and storing se-quences for the 11 reservoirs with large water storage and flood control capacities. The optimized water re-leasing sequence with a largest possibility is Sanxia,Shuibuya,Jinpingyiji,Ertan/Xiluodu/Goupitan,Pubugou/Zipingpu,and then Xiangjiaba/Baozhusi/Geheyan;and the optimized water storing sequence with a largestpossibility is Jinpingyiji,Ertan/Shuibuya,Geheyan,Xiluodu/Pubugou/Zipingpu/Baozhusi/Goupitan,Xiangjia-ba,and then Sanxia. It is also concluded that for the series of cascade reservoirs the upper reservoir releas-es water before the lower one,and even the upper reservoirs store water earlier but should be full filledlater than the lower one.