蚌埠市场食用鱼重金属含量及安全性评价

Heavy metal content and safety evaluation of fish in Bengbu market

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了蚌埠市场食用鱼重金属元素的含量,利用单因子污染指数法、综合污染指数法和目标危害系数法对其污染程度及食用安全性进行了评价。结果表明,蚌埠市场鱼类Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Hg和As的平均含量依次为0.098、1.133、10.365、0.470、0.045、0.106、0.029mg·kg-1,均低于食品卫生标准。单因子污染指数法评价结果表明:Cd在鲶鱼、鲤鱼和鲫鱼中为开始受到污染,Pb在鲶鱼中为开始受到污染,Hg在鲢鱼中为开始受到污染,As在鳊鱼中为开始受到污染,其他各重金属元素在鱼类中均为清洁水平。综合污染指数法评价结果表明,除了鲶鱼重金属元素为较清洁外,其他5种鱼类均为清洁水平。单一重金属对人体的健康风险指数均小于1,对人群健康风险不明显。鱼类的重金属复合健康风险指数均小于1,蚌埠市场食用鱼类安全性较好。

The concentrations of heavy metals in fish collected from Bengbu market were measured. The method of single factor pollution index,comprehensive pollution index and target hazard quotient were used to assess pollution levels and food safety of heavy metals in fish. The results showed that the fish of Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd,Hg and As element＇s concentrations in fish were 0.098,1.133,10.365,0.470,0.045,0.106,0.029mg·kg-1,respectively,which were lower than the hygiene standards of foods. The single factor pollution index assessment showed that the content of Catfish＇s Cd and Pb could be categorized as the beganning of pollution. The Cd started pollution in Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus. The Hg started pollution in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,and the As started pollution in Parabramis pekinensis. However,other elements could be regarded as cleanning levels. The comprehensive pollution index method evaluation showed that the Catfish for light clean,other fish could be regarded as the clean level. Adults and children＇s single heavy metals health risk index was less than 1,the danger of heavey mental on people was not obvious. Fish heavy metal compound health risk index was below 1. That was to say,Bengbu market fish＇s edible safety was good.