我国西瓜甜瓜病虫害防控现状、存在问题与发展趋势

Status,Challenges and Trend of Watermelon and Melon Disease and Insect Control in China

西瓜甜瓜病虫害危害严重,制约产业健康发展。概述了我国西瓜甜瓜病虫害防控技术现状、存在问题和今后发展趋势。现阶段我国西瓜甜瓜病虫害防控方法主要涵盖植物检疫、轮作和嫁接、抗病品种选育与应用、健康种子和种苗的生产与应用、药剂防治等措施,这些措施的应用推广在生产中取得了显著成效,但整体而言,我国西瓜甜瓜病虫害防控体系中依然存在优良抗病虫品种缺乏、农药使用不合理等问题。今后应继续坚持"预防为主、综合防治"的植保方针,加快研发关键的绿色防控技术,组建和完善以农业防治、物理防治、生物防治、生态调控和化学防治相结合的病虫害综合防治技术体系,并在西瓜甜瓜生产中推广应用。

Damage of diseases and insect on watermelon and melon is serious,hindering the healthy developing of the industry. We outline the control technique of diseases and pests,problems,and development trend in this article. Currently,plant quarantine,crop rotation,grafting,selection and application of resistant variety,use of healthy seeds and seedlings,and chemical control are all included in the control system of watermelon and melon. However,varieties with resistance to disease and insect are still lacking,and the chemicals are still improperly applied. In the future,the strategy of integrated management of pests should be insisted and the key green control technique be exploited.