西瓜未授粉子房的离体培养

Study on in vitro Cultureof Un-pollinated Ovary in Watermelon

为了探讨西瓜未授粉子房诱导率的影响因素,以‘早春红玉’、‘西农9号’和‘小绿皇’为供试材料进行西瓜未授粉子房的离体培养,研究供体植株的黑暗热激处理、基因型、不同取样时间、2,4-D浓度和不同激素浓度组合等因素对其芽点诱导率的影响。结果表明:西瓜未授粉子房离体培养以33℃的条件下黑暗热激4 d效果最佳;以开花前1 d的子房诱导率最高为17.2%;3个品种中仅‘早春红玉’获得了再生植株,且在激素组合为4.0 mg·L-12,4-D+2.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.5 mg·L-1NAA时芽点率最高为15.0%;根据再生植株的根尖染色体数目,初步鉴定再生植株中有单倍体植株,还有二倍体和四倍体植株。

Un-pollinated ovaries of‘Zaochunhongyu’,‘Xinong No. 9’and‘Xiaolvhuang’used in this in vitro culture experiment. Factors of heat shock treatment of donor plants in dark,genotype,sampling time,2,4-D concentration and combinations of various hormone concentration were tested in this study. Heat shock treatment in dark under 33℃for 4 days was the best treatment for in vitro culture of unfertilized ovary. The un-pollinated ovary one day before flowering had the highest response frequency 17.2%. Among genotyped tested only‘Zaochunhongyu’regenerated plant. The best growth regulator combination for‘Zaochunhongyu’was 2,4-D 4.0 mg·L-1＋6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1＋NAA 0.5mg·L-1,produced regeneration frequency of 15.0%. The regenerated plants included haploid,diploid and tetraploid based on cytological analysis.