盐湖卤水中铷、铯的检测方法

Determination methods for rubidium and cesium in salt lake brine

稀有贵重金属铷、铯的测定对其资源的勘探和开发有重要意义。介绍了近年来高盐水体(盐湖卤水、地下卤水及油田产出水)中铷、铯的检测方法,重点介绍光谱法在卤水分析中的应用。对于原子吸收法、等离子发射光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法及等离子质谱法在卤水铷、铯元素检测中的应用做了详细讨论,对电化学分析和化学分析法在卤水中铷、铯元素检测中的应用做了简介,并展望了未来的发展趋势及值得研究的问题。

The determination of the rare and valuable rubidium and cesium is of crucial importance for their exploring and development.Methods for determining rubidium and cesium in waters with high concentration salt （salt lake brine ,under- ground brine, and oilfield water） were introduced, in which the spectrum methods for rubidium and cesium in salt lake brine were focused on.It was described in detail that the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy（AAS）, Inductively Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry （X-RFS）, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry （ICP-MS） were used in the analysis of rubidium and cesium in brine.The electrochemical analysis and chemical analysis for rubidium and cesium were also introduced. And the trend and future topics for analysis of rubidium and cesium were prospected.