动摩擦型压电叠堆直线电机定子的振动特性

Vibration Characteristics of the Stator of Dynamic Friction Type Linear Piezoelectric Stack Motors

为提高动摩擦非共振型压电电机的输出力,研究了该型电机定子的振动特性及其对电机输出力的影响。通过分析电机的总体结构和工作机理,建立了电机定子的纵向振动模型和伪刚体模型,给出了定子驱动端的振动微分方程,并获得了纵向位移函数和横向位移函数。从功能原理出发,推导了电机的周期平均输出力公式。利用数值分析法对电机的纵向振幅特性和推力特性进行了仿真。设计、制作了电机样机,对不同激励条件下定子驱动端的纵向振动位移和电机输出力进行了测试。仿真和试验结果验证了定子振动特性理论:电机输出力随纵向振幅的增加而增加,且近似成线性关系。测试结果表明:在激励电压峰峰值为100V、频率为1.6kHz时,驱动端振幅最大可达0.92μm,样机输出力最大可达3.5N。

To enhance the output force of dynamic-friction type non-resonant linear piezoelectric motors,research is carried out on the vibration characteristics of the motor stator and its influence on the output force of the motor.By analyzing the construction and working mechanism of the motor,the longitudinal vibration model and pseudo-rigid-body model are established for the motor stator.Then,the vibration differential equations of the drive tip are deduced,and the longitudinal displacement function and transverse displacement function are proposed.In addition,the formula for the average output force in a period is proposed for the motor base using the work energy theorem.The longitudinal amplitude characteristics and thrust characteristics of the motor are simulated using the numerical analysis method.Finally,the prototype is designed and fabricated,and experiments on the longitudinal displacement of the drive tip and on the output force of the motor are performed under different excitation conditions.Both simulation and experimental results prove the vibration characteristic theory of the stator,that the longitudinal amplitude of the drive tip increases with excitation voltage,and that the output force of the motor increases with the longitudinal amplitude of the drive tip.Testing shows that the maximum amplitude of the drive tip is 0.92μm and the maximum output force is 3.5N,under the condition in which the operation voltage is 100 V and the frequency is 1.6kHz.This research can provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization of the motor stator.