云南汉族手足4项人类学特征的研究

Four human population genetic characters of han in Yunnan

在云南省呈贡地区调查了350例(男147例,女203例)汉族中学生的4项人类群体遗传学指标(拇指类型、环示指长、指甲类型、足趾类型).结果表明:(1)环示指长和指甲类型出现率在性别间的差异具有高度统计学意义(p≤0.01);(2)云南汉族的过伸型拇指、环指长型出现率在我国族群中居较低水平,指甲扁型、趾长型出现率在我国族群中居中等水平;(3)云南汉族手足4项遗传指标之间相关性均没有统计学意义(p>0.05);(4)聚类分析结果表明,云南汉族的手足4项遗传指标与云南蒙古族、四川汉族和鄂伦春族最为接近.

The study of four indexes of human population genetics （including thumb type, palmar digital formula, finger nail type and plantar digital formula） was conducted on 350 middle school students （147 males, 203 females） of Han of Chenggong in Yunnan province. The results showed that： （1） There was significant sex difference in palmar digital formula and finger nail type （p ≤ 0.01 ） ; （2） On the whole, the frequency of hyperextension thumb and ring finger of Han in Yunnan showed a relatively lower level, whereas the frequency of squat-shaped finger nail and big toe displayed a middle level in China; （3） There were no significant sex differences on the frequencies of four indexes（p 〉 0.05）; （4） The results of cluster analysis showed that the four genetic characters of Han in Yunnan were similar with those of Mongol （Yunnan） , Han （Sichuan） and Oroqen.