桌面计算机上利用格子Boltzmann方法的GPU计算

Graphic Processing Unit Computing of Lattice Boltzmann Method on a Desktop Computer

介绍了在桌面计算机上利用格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)与图形处理器(GPU)计算的发展背景,分析了LBM的标准形式及其天生并行特性的成因,介绍了所采用的CUDA编程模型及Kepler计算架构.为了验证桌面计算机上利用LBM的GPU计算的应用能力,对二维方柱绕流问题进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与有限体积法的计算结果进行对比.结果表明:对于方柱绕流问题,GPU计算的模拟计算效率约为CPU计算的3.4倍,桌面计算机上利用LBM的GPU计算具有一定的通用科学计算能力.

Development background of the combination of lattice Boltzmann method（LBM）and graphic processing unit（GPU）computing on a desktop computer was discussed.A detailed analysis was conducted of the standard LBM form and the reason of its natural parallelism.The CUDA programming model and the Kepler computing architecture used in the computing were expounded.In order to verify the application capacity of GPU computing of LBM on a desktop computer,numerical simulations of two-dimensional flow around a square cylinder were conducted,and simulation results with the finite volume method calculation results were compared.The results show that as for the problem of two-dimensional flow around a square cylinder,computational efficiency of GPU computing is approximately 3.4times of central processing unit（CPU）computing,which proved the computing capacity of GPU computing of LBM on desktop computers to universal scientific computing.