思考美国反恐持双重标准:话语安全与国家身份

Why the U.S.Adopts Double Standards in Anti-Terrorism:From the Perspectives of National Identity and Discourse Security

在近期国内少数民族暴恐事件频发的情势下,在中美加强反恐合作的会议上,美国打击恐怖主义所持的"双重标准"反复被提及。本文从学理层面提出思考美国反恐缘何持双重标准,从话语安全的研究途径,呈现美国有关"基地"组织和"东突"组织的安全话语。文章通过主流媒体《纽约时报》呈现的有关恐怖主义的两种完全不同的安全话语,再现美国对恐怖主义持有完全不同的认知,并引入国家身份的视角诠释美国为何对打击恐怖主义持有双重标准。这对加强中美在反恐议题方面的合作,减少相互误解,促进两国关系有一定的积极意义。

The issue of double standards the U .S.adopts in anti-terrorism has been repeatedly raised at Sino-U Santi-tarrorism conferences,in the context of terror attacks frequently taking place in China recently. It is highly necessary to ask why the U .S. adopts double standards in anti-terrorism. Based on the concept of discourse security,this paper presents quite different media discourses by the New York Times about the two terrorist organizations of 'Al-Qaeda'and'Eastern T urkistan Islamic Movement'. It reflects different perceptions held by the U . S. towards these two terrorist organizations,which further proves that the U . S. adopts double standards on the issue of defining who is'terrorist'. T he paper tries to explain why the U .S. holds double standards towards this issue from the perspective of national identity.