兰州市安宁区桃畸果病病原鉴定和受害桃芽及果实显微组织观察

Pathogen identification and microstructure observation of infected bud and fruit of deformed peach disease in anning district of Lanzhou City

试验对兰州市安宁区桃畸果病害的发病原因和受害桃芽及果实组织结构变化进行了研究.结果表明：危害兰州市安宁区桃畸果病的病原为下心瘿螨（Eriophyes catacardiae Keifer）；瘿螨对桃芽和果实均产生了很大影响,2010年桃芽受害率为52.9%,2011年为61.9%,严重时高达76%.受害桃芽干瘪瘦小,芽鳞片层数增加1~2层,严重的出现芽体坏死现象；对桃芽显微组织观察发现受害桃芽叶原基受损,严重的无叶原基,失去萌芽能力,在芽体鳞片内侧、苞片及幼叶间可见大量的寄生虫体取食为害；对果实形态及组织观察发现,受害果实表面出现不同程度深绿色凹陷,畸形部位桃毛密度和桃毛长度均高于正常果实；显微切片观察表明,受害果实细胞易于染色,细胞排列紧密,畸形果实细胞小于正常果实,畸形果实细胞直径为5 8μm,正常果实为102μm.

The pathogen identification of peach deformed disease and the changes of buds and fruits af-ter peach tree infected the disease were studied.The results showed that deformity peach fruit pathogen was Eriophyes catacardiae Keifer.Mites had a great impact on peach buds and fruits.The peach buds sur-veyed from 2010 to 2011 showed that the average of bud victimization incidence was 52.9%~61.9%,even 76%.Victims peach buds withered and thin,bud scales increased 1~2 layers,severe buds appeared necro-sis.The bud microstructure observed that the victim leaf primordia damaged,serious no leaf primordia,and the budding ability lost,many parasites body were seen in the inside of the bud scales.Fruit morphology and tissue studies found that surface of the suffered fruit appeared dark green sag in different degree,the length and the density of peach furred significant longer than the normal.Fruit microstructure observation showed that the victim fruit was easy to dye,cells arranged neatly,deformed peach fruit cells smaller than normal fruit cells,abnormal fruit cell diameter was 58μm,normal fruit was 102μm.