云杉菌根化育苗技术的研究

Techniques on cultivatation of Picea asperata mycorrhizal seedling

以云杉外生菌根菌种为试材,比较了各外生菌根菌与云杉形成菌根的能力以及不同菌根感染率,并探讨了外生菌根菌对云杉苗木生长的影响.结果表明：褐粘盖牛杆菌的最佳培养温度是20~25℃,最适 pH 值是6.0；播种时接种外生菌根菌可提高种子的出苗率,并使出苗时间提前.菌根菌能显著提高云杉幼苗的苗高、地径和侧根数,经褐粘盖牛肝菌、微甜乳菇和土生空团菌液体菌剂处理的种子出苗率比对照提高了26.8%、23.9%、22.0%；就各种菌根菌而言,以微甜乳菇菌株的接种效果最好,其次为褐粘盖牛肝菌和土生空团；黑紫红菇和白乳菇对云杉苗促生效果相对较差.

The ectomycorrhizal fungi of Picea asperata were employed to develop the techniques of seedling cultivation.By inoculating ectomycorrhizal fungi into the roots of seedlings,the effects of nine ec-tomycorrhizal fungi on the growth of four spruces and mycorrhiza infection rates by different inoculation methods was studied.The results indicated that the optimum culture temperature was 20~25 ℃,and the optimum pH was 6.0.Inoculating ectomycorrhizal fungi when the seeds were planted increased percentage of germination and made seeds germinate ahead of time.Ectomycorrhizal fungi promoted the growth of the seedlings in the height,root collar diameter and number of lateral root.The germination rate of seeds was increased by 26.8%,23.9%,22.0% after inoculated with Suillus luteus,Lactarius subdulcis and Cenococ-cum geophilum.Among the tested mycorrhizal fungi,L.subdulcis showed the best,followed by S.luteus and C.geophilum,Russula atropurpurea and L.piperatus had a less growth promoting effects.