知识员工目标取向与知识团队反思对知识活动行为的交互影响研究

Effect of Goal Orientation and Team Ref lexivity on Knowledge Activities Behavior

知识经济时代,科技型企业对知识型团队与知识型员工的依赖程度越来越高,知识型员工的知识获取与知识分享等知识活动行为越来越受到组织研究者的关注。本文综合运用目标取向理论与团队反思理论,将知识团队反思纳入到知识员工目标取向对知识活动行为影响的研究中,并推导出一个跨层次交互作用模型。通过对116个知识团队(含601个知识员工)样本的调查分析,得出实证研究结果 :知识员工学习取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为具有显著的正向效应,且团队反思可以显著调节(增强)学习取向对知识分享行为的影响作用;证明取向对知识获取行为的影响效应不显著,但对知识分享行为具有显著的正向效应,而团队反思可以显著调节(增强)证明取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为的影响作用;回避取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为均具有显著的负向效应,且团队反思可以显著调节(削弱)回避取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为的影响作用。最后讨论了研究的管理启示、研究局限及研究展望。

Effective teams are important cornerstones of successful organizations engaged in knowledge activities, especially for those operating in dynamic environments. Based on the Multilevel Theory and the preliminary conclusions derived from the research of goal orientation, the aim of this article is to propose and verify a theoretical model about the relationship among goal orientation, team ref lexivity and knowledge activities. At individual level, we examine the relationship between 3-factor individual goal orientation and knowledge activities behavior. At cross level, we also examine whether team ref lexivity can affect knowledge activities behavior, then analyzed whether team ref lexivity has a moderate effect between individual goal orientation and knowledge activities behavior. This study investigates 116 teams, including 601 team members. We used hierarchical linear models to analyze data at different hierarchical levels. Learning orientation was positively related to knowledge acquisition and knowledge sharing; whereas proving orientation showed no significant relationship with knowledge acquisition, but was positively related to knowledge sharing; and avoiding orientation was negatively related to knowledge acquisition and knowledge sharing. Empirical results of Hierarchical Linear Modeling show that（1） team ref lexivity can significantly affect knowledge activities behavior（2） team ref lexivity can significantly moderate the relation between knowledge sharing and learning orientation;（3） team ref lexivity can significantly moderate the relation between knowledge activities behavior and proving orientation;（4） and team ref lexivity can significantly moderate the relation between knowledge activities behavior and avoiding orientation. These findings highlighted the necessity of study on goal orientation in team and multilevel model. And some implications can be drawn from this study. First, the research suggests to the leaders of knowledge teams that they should incorporate measures of learning orientation into the employee selection process. Second, the study suggests that the team leaders promote the team ref lexivity in the interest of improving knowledge activities behavior. Limitations and suggestions for future research and practice are discussed.