《红楼梦》与《源氏物语》三类线性时间叙写

On the Three Kinds of Linear-Time Narrative in The Dream of the Red Chamber and The Tale of Genji

线性时间叙事是中日古典文学叙事基本特征,文本撰作的线性时间可分为朝代纪年、世代时间、人物年纪,三者指向明确且不可回溯。《源氏物语》原文古典当中并没有明确标明这三类时间标识,《红楼梦》更是有意识地模糊、弱化、消除这三类时间标识,开篇采用倒叙,篇中多次打乱时间流变次序。但,三类时间标识的的确确涵括于两书文本,不加细辨,难以识别。本论通过文本细读与反复举证,明确两文本当中三类时间标识,勘校过往两书研究当中的相关舛误,并将这三类时间标识的叙写技巧进行逐类比较。

Linear-time narrative is a basic feature of both Chinese and Japanese classical literary narration. The linear narrative time has three forms, namely, dynastic calendar, generation time, figure age, whose direction is clear and permits no backtracking. There are no clear time marks of the three kinds in the original text of The Tale of Genji. The Dream of the Red consciously blurs, weakens, and eliminates these three kinds of time identification. With flashbacks at the beginning, the Dream of the Red repeatedly disrupted flow of time sequence in the text. But, the three kinds of time marks are indeed so subtly included in both texts that they are difficult to be identified without careful distinction. Based on a close reading of the text, the paper clarifies and compares the three kinds of time marks in the two books, and points out the errors in past researches.