中国劳动力商品化程度的变动及其对劳动者报酬的影响

Changes in the level of labor commercialization in China and its influence on workers' compensation

劳动力商品化程度取决于资本积累体制中与雇佣关系和劳动力再生产相关的各类制度安排,去商品化的制度赋予了工人抵御市场风险和展开议价行为的能力,可以预期,此类制度安排是有利于劳动报酬份额提升的。本文选取改革开放以来中国劳动力商品化程度的代表性影响指标,构造了劳动力商品化程度的综合变动指数,并与劳动者报酬份额的变化进行比照,考察了二者在大约三十年间的变动趋势和对应关系。通过回归分析,验证了劳动力商品化程度与劳动者报酬间(GDP中的劳动份额和规模以上工业企业的工资份额)的负相关性。

The level of labor commercialization is determined by various institutional arrangements related with employment relationship and labor reproduction in the system of capital accumulation. The system of dis - commercialization enables workers to defend market risk and negotiate with employer. Such kind of institutional arrangements benefits the increased labor returns. We select some influencing representative indicators to measure the level of labor commercialization in China since the reform and opening - up, set up composite change index, compare it with the changes in the share of labor returns, and examine the trends of changes and corresponding relationship in about 30 years. Through regression analysis, we test the negative correlation between the level of labor commercialization and labor retums （the proportion of labor in GDP and the proportion of wages in scaled industrial firms）.