气候变化与美国国家安全

Climate Change and American Security

文章简要探讨了气候变化与美国国家安全之间的关系,特别是气候变化与美国军事安全之间的关系。气候变化可能对美国和其他国家的国家安全产生怎样的影响呢?目前,美国情报机构、军事策略家、国防专家、国家政策制定者、两党政客和美国公众对气候变化影响国家安全有何反应?21世纪00年代初,共和党执政的布什政府否认气候正在发生变化,导致联邦政府很难制定政策来应对气候安全问题,直至21世纪00年代末,安全事务分析人士提出了气候变化问题。在21世纪10年代,民主党执政的奥巴马政府使美军适应气候变化问题成为日益公开的论题。

This paper briefly explores relationships between climate change and American security, particularly American military security. What in fact are the likely impacts of climate change on ＂national security,＂ in America and elsewhere？ What, so far, have been the responses to the security impacts of climate change by American intelligence organizations and military planners, defense intellectuals and national policymakers, partisan politicians and the American public？ In the early 2000s, the Republican Bush administration denied that climate change was occurring, making it difficult for climate security to emerge as a policy issue inside the government. By the late 2000s, security analysts （particularly Democratic policy intellectuals） raised the issue （ mostly from outside the government）. In the 2010s, the Democratic Obama administration has made adapting the American military to climate change an increasingly open and urgent priority.