基于景观指数的新疆生产建设兵团生态环境变化

Basic Analysis of Landscape Index in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group

在遥感与地理信息系统技术支持下,以兵团2000、2005、2010年3期TM影像和HJ1A-CCD1影像为主要数据源,研究了兵团景观空间格局变化特征。结果表明,兵团景观类型从2000—2010年发生了较大变化,农田和城镇面积显著增加,草地、灌丛和冰川(永久积雪)显著减少。城镇景观受人为活动干扰强度最大。分析认为,人口和农业机械化是影响农田景观的主要驱动因素,经济发展和小城镇建设是影响城镇景观格局的主要因素,而政策导向是调节兵团景观格局变化的有效途径。

Based on remote sensing and GIS technology,the TM and HJ1- CCD1 images of 2000,2005 and 2010 were used to evaluate the landscape spatial changes of Xinjiang production and construction group during the past sen years. The results showed that the regional landscape in Xinjiang production and construction group were changed significantly. The natural and semi natural landscape such as grassland scrub and glacial /permanent snow reduced significantly while the area of farmland and urban enlarged obviously. Urban landscape were strongest interference by human. Through analysis we found that the changes of population and the mechanization of agriculture were the main driving factors of farmland landscape,and economic development and the construction of small towns were the main factor affecting the urban landscape while orientation of the policy is the effective way.