国内外生态环境观测研究台站网络发展概况

A Brief Review of Progress of the Eco-Environmental Research Network in China and Aboard

生态环境观测研究台站是开展生态环境研究的重要手段。《国家环境保护"十二五"科技发展规划》将国家环境保护野外观测研究站作为"十二五"能力建设重点内容。分析了目前国内外主要生态环境监测网络,如区域尺度的全球环境监测系统(GEMS)、全球陆地观测系统(GTOS)、国际长期生态研究网络(ILTER)、全球通量观测网络(FLUXNET)和国际生物多样性观测网络(GEO·BON),以及国家尺度的美国长期生态研究网络(US-LTER)、英国环境变化监测网络(ECN)和中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)的发展历程、观测研究进展;总结了生态环境监测网站的发展趋势,即重视台站的联网观测研究,注重观测标准化和规范化及数据共享,重视观测手段智能化与自动化,注重综合观测与模型模拟相结合;提出国家环境保护生态监测台站网络是现有国家环境监测网络的拓展和完善,也是今后开展区域生态环境综合监测与评估的重要基础。

Ecological observation station is an important method to carry out ecological studies. In the National Environmental Protection＂Twelfth Five-Year＂development plan,the National Environmental Protection Research Station is a part of Twelfth Five-Year capacity building plan. Currently,in this paper,we summrized the development and research progress of the ecological observation networks,which included regional networks such as the Global Environmental Monitoring System（ GEMS）,Global Terrestrial Observing System（ GTOS）,International Long Term Ecological Research Network（ ILTER）,a global flux observation network（ FLUXNET） and the International biological diversity observation Network（ GEO·BON）,and national networks such as the US long Term Ecological Research Network（ US-LTER）, the United Kingdom environmental Change monitoring Network（ ECN） and the Chinese ecosystem Research Network（ CERN）. Also,we analyzed the development progress of ecological observation networks in future,namely emphasis on union of different research network stations,focusing on the standardization of observation and data sharing,emphasis on intelligent observation and focusing on combining field observation and model simulations. We assumed that the eatablishing of national environmental protection research station network not only could promote existing national environmental monitoring network,but also was essential for ecosystem comprehensive mornitoring and evaluation in futer.