陕西泾惠渠灌溉区不同灌溉模式下农户承受的极限水价

Calculation of Limited Water Price under Different Irrigation Modes in Jinghuiqu Irrigation Area in Shaanxi

为促进改善农业灌溉用水的利用方式与效率,以陕西省泾惠渠灌溉区为例,采用成本收益分析法对不同灌溉模式下的极限水价进行了测算,并与农户实际所能承受的水价进行比较,探讨了水价对农户灌溉模式的影响。结果表明：当水价为0.170~0.454元/m3时,农户不会改变传统灌溉模式,只会通过单纯减少用水量实现节水;水价达到0.454元/m3时,农户会考虑采用喷灌与滴灌等节水技术;水价超过0.654元/m3时,农户会考虑采用井渠双灌模式;水价上升到0.782元/m3时,农户会考虑改变农作物种植结构,或者选择土地抛荒。此外,不同灌溉模式下的极限水价仅仅是理论上通过市场实现农业灌溉水资源配置的手段,从农户对水价的现实承受能力来看,现实中农户灌溉模式的改变更多地需要政府的干预。

In order to improve the agricultural irrigation water utilization and efficiency,the limited water price was calculated by cost-benefit analysis under different irrigation modes,and also compared with the affordable price for farmers,thus the effect of water price on farmers’irrigation mode was carried out in this paper.The results showed that farmers would not change their traditional irrigation mode,just simply reduce the amount of water to reach water saving when the water price was between 0.170~0.454 RMB/m3 .They began to consider water-saving techniques as sprinkler and drip irrigation when the price reached 0.454 RMB/m3 . They would adopt dual-irrigation mode as exploitation of groundwater from wells and water canals when the price beyond 0.654 RMB/m3 .Finally,they consider changing the crop system or fallowing their farmland when the price reached 0.782 RMB/m3 .Besides,the limited water price under different irrigation mode was theoretically control by market price for resources allocation.According to farmers＆#39;real affordability to the water price,to change the irrigation mode for farmers,it needs the intervention from the government.