极低出生体重儿住院期间体重增长速度与营养摄入的关系

Relation between nutrition intake and weight growth velocity in the very-low-birth-weight infants during hospitalization

目的分析极低出生体重儿住院期间营养摄入与其体重增长速度的关系。方法回顾性调查2011-2012年在深圳市妇幼保健院住院的极低出生体重儿的临床和营养资料。按体重增长速率将患儿分为低体重增长组、适宜体重增长组和高体重增长组,比较三组的临床营养摄入情况。结果 147例极低出生体重儿的体重增长速度中位数为12.77g/(kg·d),住院时间中位数为48d;高体重和适宜体重增长组的住院天数、静脉氨基酸开始使用时间和达到全肠内营养时间均小于低体重增长组;极低出生体重儿生后第7天、14天、21天和28天肠外营养中的碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的用量呈递减趋势。结论极低出生体重儿住院期间的体重增长速度与营养摄入状况和住院时间密切相关,加强肠内外营养,缩短住院时间有利于促进极低出生体重儿的体重增长。

Objective To study the relationship between the nutrition intake and weight growth velocity （WGV） of very-low-birth-weight （VLBW） infants during hospitalization. Methods A retrospective investigation was conducted in hospitalized VLBW infants in Shenzhen Women and Children＇s Hospital from 2011 to 2012,and the clinical characters and nutritional data were collected. The infants were divided into 3 groups according to the WGV,including low WGV group, medial WGV group and high WGV group. Then,the nutritional status were compared among the three groups. Results In the 147 VLBW infants,the medians of WGV and inpatient time were 12.77 g/（kg · d） and 48 days, respectively. Compared with low WGV group,the inpatient time,the time to achieve full enteral nutrition and the time to begin amino acid administration were lower than those in high and medial WGV groups. Dosage of carbohydrates,lipids and protein showed a decreasing trend in day 7,14,21 and 28 after the birth of VLBW infants. Conclusions The WGV of VLBW infants is associated with nutrition intake and inpatient time. Therefore,it is useful for weight gain in VLBW infants by enhancing enteral and parenteral nutrition and reducing the inpatient time.