温度、湿度和氧气对海湾扇贝无水保活的影响

Effects of temperature,humidity and oxygen on keeping-alive without water of bay scallop Argopecten irradians

在实验室条件下,研究了温度、湿度和氧气对海湾扇贝Argopecten irradias无水保活的存活率和失重率的影响,进而研究其无水保活关键技术。对体质量为29~33 g的海湾扇贝采用普通、保湿、充氧和充氧保湿4种处理方式,并分别置于-2、0、4、10、15~18、20~25℃下进行无水保活试验。结果表明：海湾扇贝生态冰温区为-2.8~0℃;随着温度的升高,海湾扇贝的存活率逐渐降低;海湾扇贝在-2、0℃条件下保活效果最好,其次是4℃;保湿组比未保湿组、充氧组比未充氧组的存活率均有显著提高（P〈0.05）;低温条件下,保湿充氧处理的海湾扇贝存活率显著高于保湿组和充氧组（P〈0.05）,保活效果最好,保活10 d后其存活率依然达95%以上;低温无水条件下,采用保湿充氧处理的海湾扇贝失重率较小。研究表明,温度、湿度和氧气对海湾扇贝无水保活有较大影响,在-2~4℃的低温条件下采用保湿充氧处理方式对海湾扇贝进行无水保活,效果最佳。

Effects of temperature, humidity and oxygen on survival and weight loss of bay scallop Argopecten irradi-ans keeping-alive without water were studied to develop waterless keeping-alive techniques for bay scallop. The bay scallop with body weight of 29-33 g was treated by conventional procedure, moisture treatment, aerobic treat-ment or moisture-aerobic treatment, and then put into different temperatures （-2, 0, 4, 10, 15-18, and 20-25℃） to make the waterless test. The results showed that bay scallop had ecological ice warm region from -2. 8 to 0℃,and gradual decrease in survival rate along with increase in water temperature. The maximal survival rate of pre-served bay scallop was observed at temperature of -2 ℃ and 0 ℃, followed by being preserved at temperature of 4℃. There were significantly higher survival rates in moisture and aerobic treatments than those in without moisture and aerobic treatments （P〈0. 05）. At low temperature, the bay scallop in moisture- aerobic treatment group had significantly higher survival rate than the bay scallop in moisture treatment and aerobic treatment （ P〈0 . 05 ） , with the maximal survival rate of over 95% on the 10th day. The relatively low weight loss was found in the bay scallop in moisture-aerobic treatment group. In conclusion, temperature, humidity and oxygen significantly affect the wa-terless keeping-alive effect of bay scallop, the maximal survival rate in moisture-aerobic treatment at temperature from -2 to 4 ℃.