基于FVCOM的象山港海域潮汐潮流与温盐结构特征数值模拟

Numerical simulation of tides, tidal currents and temperature-salinity structures in Xiangshan Bay based on FVCOM

基于有限体积法的FVCOM模型,建立了象山港海域的三维潮汐潮流和温盐数值模型,计算中考虑了潮流、风、太阳辐射和径流因素的影响。模拟结果与2009年的监测资料进行了对比验证,结果表明建立的模型可以模拟该海域的水流运动和温盐分布特征。通过对数值结果分析得到了该海域的同潮图、潮流椭圆图、潮流性质和温盐分布等。结果表明,象山港的潮汐属于非正规半日浅海潮;M2分潮流椭圆长轴从口门到湾顶逐渐减小,其走向与岸线的方向基本一致;狭湾内呈现往复流特征而口门外开阔海域呈旋转流特征。湾口和湾顶部有着显著的温度差和盐度差,海水温度由湾口向湾顶部逐渐增大,盐度分布则正好相反。狭湾内距离湾口不同位置的横向温度、盐度垂向分布结构特征各不相同。

Based on the unstructured grid, finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM）, the hydrodynamic and temperature-salinity numerical model were established in Xiangshan Bay. The tidal current, wind, the solar radia-tion and river discharge were considered in the model. The comparison of the simulated results with the measured data about tide, tidal current, temperature and salinity showed that the model could simulate the hydrodynamic and the distribution of temperature-salinity structures. The co-tidal chart, the component tidal current ellipses were ob-tained from the result. The results show that the tide of Xiangshan Bay is mainly irregular semidiurnal shallow tide. The major axis of M2 tidal current component ellipse decreases from the mouth of the bay to the top and the direc-tion is parallel to the coastal line. The tidal current is rectilinear current in the fjord and rotary current at the outside of the bay mouth area. There are obvious temperature difference and salinity difference between the mouth and head of the bay. The temperature increases from the bay mouth to bay head and the salinity is just opposite. The vertical profile characteristic of temperature and salinity at different location in the fjord is different.